In Part 1, we showed you the numbers. 336 members of Congress trading $5.3 billion in stocks while earning $174,000. Salary multiples of 7,000x. A $200 fine for breaking the law. The median American with $955 saved for retirement.
Those numbers are damning. But they don't tell you the worst part.
The worst part is the timing.
Because when you map 95,501 congressional stock trades against the dates of classified briefings, major legislation, and market-moving events, a pattern emerges that can't be explained by coincidence, financial planning, or blind trusts.
They traded before the news broke. Not sometimes. Every single time.
January 24, 2020: The Briefing
On a Friday afternoon, the full United States Senate filed into a secure room for a classified briefing. Dr. Anthony Fauci, CDC Director Robert Redfield, and other officials described an emerging respiratory virus out of Wuhan, China. The public was being told the risk was low. The senators in that room were told something very different.
Seven days later, on February 7, Senator Richard Burr—the Chair of the Intelligence Committee, the man with the highest-level access to classified health intelligence in the entire U.S. Senate—published an op-ed reassuring the public: "Luckily, we have a framework in place that has put us in a better position than any other country to respond to a public health threat."
Six days after that, on February 13, he sold everything.
He wasn't alone in that room.
Do you see the pattern? It's not the trading. It's the outcome. Every investigation was opened. Every investigation was closed. Nobody was charged. Nobody went to prison. Nobody even lost their job.
Now look at the aggregate data.
What the Database Shows: A 3x Spike Nobody Talks About
We analyzed every congressional stock trade by month from 2019 through 2026. Normal months average around 600–800 trades across all members. Some months go higher, some lower. Normal fluctuation.
And then there's March 2020.
1,681 trades. Nearly three times the monthly average. Sixty-seven unique members—the highest participation rate in the entire dataset. And the kicker: the average excess return on congressional trades in 2020 was +7.9%, the only year in the dataset where Congress collectively outperformed the market.
2020 was the single worst year for the average American investor. It was the single best year for congressional traders.
That's not a coincidence. That's a system working as designed.
It was the best year for congressional traders.
It Happened Again with the CHIPS Act
The CHIPS and Science Act allocated $52 billion in subsidies for domestic semiconductor manufacturing. If you knew it was going to pass—and if you sat on the Commerce or Science committee, you did know—you'd buy semiconductor stocks.
Here's what Paul Pelosi did. And if you're not a stock market person, stay with me, because this isn't complicated once you strip away the Wall Street language.
Back in early 2021, he bought what's called a "call option" on Nvidia—the company that makes the chips powering everything from AI to gaming. A call option is basically a coupon that says I get to buy this stock later at today's price. You pay a small amount now for the right to buy a lot of stock later, and if the stock goes up, you make a killing. It's a bet that the price is going up.
He sat on that coupon for over a year. Then on June 17, 2022, he cashed it in. Bought 20,000 shares of Nvidia. Five weeks before the Senate was set to vote on a bill that would hand $52 billion in subsidies directly to companies like Nvidia.
Think about that timing. He had the option for a year. Could have used it any time. He chose to go all-in five weeks before a massive payday for the chip industry that his wife's chamber was about to vote on.
Now, his defenders will tell you he actually lost money on the trade. He sold the shares on July 26—literally one day before the Senate passed the bill—and took a $341,000 hit. See? He lost money! Totally innocent!
Sure. One trade lost money. But zoom out and look at what the rest of Congress was doing during those same weeks:
Sixty trades in chip stocks. In one week. While a chip subsidy bill was moving through their own committees. These aren't people casually rebalancing a retirement account. They're loading up on the exact companies that are about to get a $52 billion check from the government—a check they're voting to write.
If you or I worked at Nvidia and traded stock because we knew about an upcoming deal before it was announced, that's a felony. When Congress does it with legislation they personally authored? They call it public service.
Liberation Day: The All-Time Record
April 2025 should have been the month that finally broke through the noise. Because what happened in April 2025 wasn't subtle. It wasn't ambiguous. It wasn't a maybe.
On April 2, President Trump announced sweeping tariffs on 180+ countries in a Rose Garden press conference. Markets cratered. The S&P 500 dropped nearly 10% over the following days. Trillions in value evaporated. Retirement accounts bled. Your 401(k), if you were lucky enough to have one, lost months of gains in a week.
And congressional trading hit an all-time record.
1,692 trades. The highest single month since we started tracking. Higher than COVID. Seven hundred and sixty-five trades in a single week from 29 different members. ProPublica documented that over a dozen executive branch officials—including Transportation Secretary Sean Duffy and Attorney General Pam Bondi—sold stocks in the days immediately surrounding the announcement.
Duffy sold shares in almost three dozen companies two days before the tariff plan was announced. Bondi sold between $1 million and $5 million in Trump Media stock on the day of the announcement, before the market closed and the tariffs were revealed.
Fortune reported that from April 2 to April 8, House members and their families reported over 700 trades. One of the wealthiest members, Jefferson Shreve of Indiana—a freshman—made stock trades worth millions in the immediate aftermath.
Every single one of them said they had no advance knowledge. Not one was investigated.
The Playbook
Alright. I want to walk through how this actually works, because once you see the pattern you'll never unsee it. And you don't need a finance degree. You just need to pay attention to the dates.
We took all 95,501 trades in our database and lined them up against 1,179 congressional votes. We looked for cases where someone traded a stock in, say, the energy sector within 30 days of voting on an energy bill. Or bought pharmaceutical stock right before voting on a drug pricing bill. That kind of thing. Common sense connections.
We found 4,436 of them. Over four thousand instances where the trade and the vote matched up by sector and timing. And 600 of those were what we'd call no-question-about-it suspicious—the timing was tight, the money was significant, the sector was a dead match, and they voted the way that would help the stock they just bought.
Here's how it works, every single time. I'll keep it plain.
They get information we don't have. Could be a classified briefing. Could be that they're on a committee and they know a bill is about to move that'll send a whole industry up or down. They know before we do. That's the whole game right there.
So they trade. Not a month later, not through some distant account they've never heard of. In the days right around the information. Sometimes the day before a vote. Sometimes the day of. The trades show up in the STOCK Act filings.
Then the news breaks publicly. Markets react. The stock goes up or down, exactly the way they positioned for.
Then—and this is the part that should make you sick—they file the disclosure. Maybe on time, maybe 45 days late, maybe later than that. By the time you or I could see what they did, it's old news. The money's been made. The trail is cold.
And if somebody raises a stink about it? An investigation gets opened. It makes the news for a cycle or two. Then it gets quietly closed. No charges. Move on. Do it again next quarter.
That's it. That's the whole playbook. It's not even sophisticated. It's just that nobody stops them.
600 scored as highly suspicious.
Zero resulted in charges.
When the Crisis Hits Your Street, They're Already Gone
You remember March 2023? Silicon Valley Bank went under on a Friday. Seized by the FDIC. By Saturday morning people were panicking about whether it would spread to other banks. Schwab, Truist, US Bancorp—those names were all over the news. If you had a savings account at a regional bank, you spent that weekend glued to your phone, wondering if your money was going to be there on Monday.
I remember that weekend. A lot of us do.
Here's what was happening on the other side of that panic. In our data, congressional trades in bank stocks doubled the week of the collapse. Twenty-two trades in financial stocks the week of March 13th, compared to the usual eight or so. And not in random companies—in Schwab, Truist, US Bancorp, Wells Fargo. The exact banks everyone was terrified about.
The people on the Banking Committee had been getting briefings about stress in the regional banking system. They knew things were shaky before the rest of us found out on a Friday afternoon news alert. And they traded on it. While we sat there refreshing our bank apps and trying to figure out if our direct deposit was safe, they were on the phone with their brokers.
That's not an abstraction. That's not a hypothetical. That happened. The trades are in the database. You can look them up yourself.
Why It Matters More Than Ever
I keep coming back to the $955.
Because the reason the median American has $955 saved for retirement isn't laziness. It isn't avocado toast. It isn't poor financial planning. It's that wages went up 1 percent and inflation went up 3 percent and rent went up 30 percent and groceries went up 42 percent and gas is pushing $6 and credit card interest is above 21 percent and there is nothing left.
There is nothing left to save. There is nothing left to invest. There is nothing left to build a future with.
And the people responsible for economic policy—the people who set tax rates, who vote on subsidies, who decide whether the minimum wage goes up or the unemployment benefits get extended—are trading millions of dollars in the stocks of the companies they regulate, using information you and I will never have access to, and paying a $200 fine when they get caught.
They're not living in the same economy as you. They never were. But the gap has never been wider, the evidence has never been clearer, and the excuses have never been thinner.
Explore the Full Congressional Trading Dashboard → 95,501 trades, searchable ← Read Part 1: "The $174,000 Fiction"Part 3: "The Presidential Playbook"
Trump posted "THIS IS A GREAT TIME TO BUY" four hours before announcing a tariff pause. Polymarket bettors predicted Iran strikes with a 93% win rate. Someone always knows first. Part 3 follows the money from Truth Social to Wall Street.
Coming Soon →Data Sources: STOCK Act disclosures via Quiver Quantitative (95,501 trades, 2016–2026). Congressional votes via GovTrack API and House Clerk roll call XML (1,179 votes, 32,213 member positions). Trade-vote correlations generated by The Numbers Project correlation engine (4,436 matches, 600 scoring 50+). ProPublica reporting on executive branch stock trades (May 2025). FBI search warrant records for Sen. Richard Burr via CNBC/ProPublica. Fortune magazine reporting on Liberation Day congressional trades (June 2025). Wall Street Journal analysis of House trading volume. CHIPS Act vote records via Congress.gov. SVB collapse timeline via FDIC.
Methodology: Monthly trading volumes calculated from STOCK Act disclosure dates. "Spikes" defined as months exceeding 1.5 standard deviations above the trailing 12-month mean. Trade-vote correlations scored on a 0–100 scale weighting timing proximity (0–30), sector match (0–25), trade amount (0–10), and vote-direction alignment (0–10). Only correlations scoring 25+ were stored; 600 scored above 50. Sector mapping from 200+ ticker-to-GICS-sector classifications. Full data available at thenumbersproject.org/tools/congress.